[ The Opportunist ] by Niger Lim

Bill Gates recently gave a speech at a High School about 11 Rule they did not and will not learn in school.

He talks about how feel-good, politically correct teachings created a generation of kids with no concept of reality and how this concept set them up for failure in the real world.

Rule 1: Life is not fair - get used to it!

Rule 2: The world won’t care about your self-esteem. The world will expect you to accomplish something BEFORE you feel good about yourself.

Rule 3: You will NOT make $60,000 a year right out of high school. You won’t be a vice-president with a car phone until you earn both.

Rule 4: If you think your teacher is tough, wait till you get a boss.

Rule 5: Flipping burgers is not beneath your dignity. Your Grandparents had a different word for burger flipping: they called it opportunity.

Rule 6: If you mess up, it’s not your parents’ fault, so don’t whine about your mistakes, learn from them.

Rule 7: Before you were born, your parents weren’t as boring as they are now.
They got away from paying your bills, cleaning your clothes and listening to you talk about how cool you thought you were. So before you save the rain forest from the parasites of your parent’s generation, try delousing the closet in your own room.

Rule 8: Your school may have done away with winners and losers, but life HAS NOT. In some schools, they have abolished failing grades and they’ll give you as MANY TIMES as you want to get the right answer. This doesn’t bear the slightest resemblance to ANYTHING in real life.

Rule 9: Life is not divided into semesters. You don’t get summers off and very few employers are interested in helping you FIND YOURSELF. Do that on your own time.

Rule 10: Television is NOT real life. In real life people actually have to leave the coffee shop and go to jobs.

Rule 11: Be nice to nerds. Chances are you’ll end up working for one.

OVER the past few weeks, as a result of the sharp plummet on the stock market, some investors regret not selling their stocks early as almost all of their stocks have been incurring huge losses.

However, the market recovery over the past few days caused some investors to again regret — not buying stocks when the market hit the bottom.

The decision to hold more cash or stocks is one of the most difficult decisions to make.

According to a study by Gary P. Brinson, L. Randolph Hood and Gilbert L. Beebower in 1986, 95% of the variance of fund returns was the result of the asset allocation decision.

Hence, the right asset allocation between cash and stocks plays a very important role in determining the returns of a portfolio.

In this article, we will look into two key strategies in asset allocation, namely the constant mix (CM) and the constant proportion portfolio insurance (CPPI) strategy.

The key principle behind the CM strategy is to buy stocks when the market drops and sell them when the market recovers.

As for the CPPI strategy, it is the reverse, which is to sell when the market plunges and buy when it recovers.

We should continue selling stocks until the portfolio drops near our pre-set floor level. Once the market touches our floor level, we will hold all cash and no stocks.

This strategy requires us to rebalance our portfolio based on a constant mix, where we set a constant ratio of stocks to total assets.

Assuming we have only two asset classes, namely stocks and cash, we will maintain the desired invested portion in our portfolio regardless of market conditions.

If we have a portfolio value of RM100,000 and intend to maintain a stocks to total asset ratio of 60%, we invest RM60,000 in stocks and hold RM40,000 cash.

If the overall market drops by 10%, our stocks will drop by RM6,000 (10% of RM60,000) to RM54,000. Now, our portfolio will be RM94,000 (RM54,000 + RM40,000 cash)

Our invested portion will drop to 57.5% (RM54,000 of stocks divided by our new portfolio value of RM94,000).

In order to maintain a 60% investment, we need to have an invested portion of RM56,400 (0.6 x RM94,000).

So we will use RM2,400 in cash to buy stocks (RM56,400 - RM54,000).

After this portfolio rebalancing, our new invested portions will be RM56,400 in stocks and RM37,600.in cash.

This will bring the invested portion back to 60% with the total portfolio value of RM94,000.

The CM strategy will cause us to buy more stocks when the market drops. We will be able to acquire a lot of quality stocks at cheap prices.

However, we will continue buying more stocks while the overall market continues to plunge.

During a bear market, we will see our portfolio shrink in value as our earlier purchase price may get cheaper.

Unfortunately, not many investors can tolerate a drop in their portfolio value.

The CPPI strategy is appropriate for use in either a super bull or a super bear market.

It is not suitable for use on normal market periods as we need to sell stocks when the market drops and buy when the market is on the way up.

We may end up buying at high prices and selling them at low.

Under the CPPI strategy, the portion of money in stocks is based on the formula that:

Money in stock = M x (TA - Floor) Where M = stock investment multiplier (proportion), TA = total assets held in the portfolio, Floor = the minimum allowable portfolio value (zero risk level) and TA - Floor = cushion or funds that can be put at risk.

Assuming we have a portfolio value of RM100,000, if we set our minimum allowable value (Floor) = RM70,000 and stock multiplier (M) = 2, we will invest RM60,000 in stocks [2 x (RM100,000 – RM70,000)].

If the overall market drops by 10%, our stocks will drop by RM6,000 (10% of RM60,000) to RM54,000. Our portfolio will be RM94,000 (RM54,000 + RM40,000 cash).

Our invested portion needs to be reduced to RM48,000 as 2 x (RM94,000 – RM70,000).

We need to dispose of RM6,000 worth of stocks (RM54,000 – RM48,000) and bring the cash level to RM46,000.

Following this portfolio rebalancing, the portion invested in stock is RM48,000 with cash of RM46,000.

The total portfolio value is RM94,000.

We will continue to sell stocks and hold more cash as the market drops.

We will stop investing in stocks when our total portfolio hits the floor level (TA – Floor= 0).

The strength of the CPPI strategy is that our lowest portfolio value at any point in time will be RM70,000 whereas the CM strategy may cause our portfolio value to drop much lower if the market crashes further.

In conclusion, the choice of strategy will depend on the overall economic outlook.

Unless we know our economy will not drop into recession, otherwise — based on our current situation, the CPPI strategy has the advantage of protecting our minimum portfolio value at the floor level.

[http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/11/5/business/2454467&sec=business]

We’ve all heard the phrase work smarter, not harder. It’s one of those motivational statements that once held a great message, but now days is more often used to mean "You’re taking too long. Quit complaining and get it done". In many ways these messages are not that different, but they hold two very different sentiments. 

While working hard truly is a virtue, it also has some basic failings. First of all the hard work principle lends itself to measuring how hard, or long you work instead of what you are getting done. Many hard workers feel they are entitled to rewards as long as they put in long hours or carry heavy loads. It can lead to resentment of people who have figured out how to work shorter hours for larger rewards. Instead of admiring them, you see them as lazy and undeserving.

Hard workers are often frustrated by the efforts of people around them that they feel are not making the same contribution, or reaching the same level of productivity as they are. What the "hard working" crowd is missing is that every employee is hired to get a result, not to fill an empty space. 

The second failing of the hard working philosophy is a tendency to want to jump into action without a well thought out plan. Let’s get moving! The problem with this is that the devil is in the details. I have seen many hastily laid plans leap into instant action and gain immediate progress.

I have seen just as many of these plans sitting in the trash bin after huge amounts of time and money have been invested in them because they didn’t actually accomplish what the customer really wanted. By the time they figured they weren’t going to meet the real requirements they had too much invested in the hastily chosen direction to make the required corrections. A common companion of these discarded plans is the discarded manager who goes along with it. Action is critical, but first you must ensure your actions contribute to a plan that actually ends in the right results. 

My success management tip for hard workers: learn to plan smart first, and then work hard. This is the unbeatable combination.

[http://www.divineresources.org/the%20unsuccesful%20habits%20of%20hardworking%20people.htm]